Turkish English Tafsir Lesson 44-46
Al-Quran Al-Kareem – Tafsir (Exegesis) Lesson 44
I seek shelter in Allah from the rejected Satan. In the name of Allah, the most gracious, the most Merciful. [2:221] “wa-lā tankiḥū l-mushrikāti ḥattā yuʾminna wa-la-ʾamatun muʾminatun khayrun min mushrikatin wa-law ʾaʿjabatkum wa-lā tunkiḥū l-mushrikīna ḥattā yuʾminū wa-la-ʿabdun muʾminun khayrun min mushrikin wa-law ʾaʿjabakum ʾulāʾika yadʿūna ʾilā n-nāri wa-llāhu yadʿū ʾilā l-jannati wa-l-maghfirati bi-ʾidhnihī wa-yubayyinu ʾāyātihī li-n-nāsi laʿallahum yatadhakkarūn” Do not marry polytheist (mushrikun) women unless they declare faith. Even if a polytheist (mushrik) woman may attract you, a slave girl (jariya) who has believed is better by all means. And do not give believer (mu’min) women in marriage to polytheist (mushrik) men. Even if you like a polytheist (mushrik), a believer (mu’min) slave is better than him. They invite you to Fire. Polytheism is Fire; polytheism if transgression. Do not marry polyheist (mushrik) men or women. Allah, by Allah’s will, invites to Janna (Paradise), and forgiveness. And explains Allah’s verses to people. It is hoped that they may remember, and and get the advice. The men or women Muslims shall marry has to be Muslims and believers (mu’minun). What is more, even though a ruhsat (permit) is in place about marrying ahlul kitab women, it is still makruh (disliked). For whether a person is ahlul kitab or not is unknown. The ahlul kitab people that are known are of course exceptions. But even marrying them has its results. There are many points to consider. [2:222] “wa-yasʾalūnaka ʿani l-maḥīḍi qul huwa ʾadhan fa-ʿtazilū n-nisāʾa fī l-maḥīḍi wa-lā taqrabūhunna ḥattā yaṭhurna fa-ʾidhā taṭahharna fa-ʾtūhunna min ḥaythu ʾamarakumu llāhu ʾinna llāha yuḥibbu t-tawwābīna wa-yuḥibbu l-mutaṭahhirīn” [2:223] “nisāʾukum ḥarthun lakum fa-ʾtū ḥarthakum ʾannā shiʾtum wa-qaddimū li-ʾanfusikum wa-ttaqū llāha wa-ʿlamū ʾannakum mulāqūhu wa-bashshiri l-muʾminīn” “O, Muhammad!” Janab-i Haqq gives lessons to the entire humanity in the person of Habib-i Kibriya, Prophet Muhammad Mustafa (saw). “They ask you about the menses of women.” Say, ’’It is a pain. So, keep away from your women when they mensturate, and do not have intimacy with them until they are cleansed.
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And when they are cleansed throughly, go to them (and be intimate) from where Allah has commanded you. Indeed Allah loves those who repent a lot. **dua in Arabic** “And loves those who purify themselves a lot.” **dua in Arabic** **dua in Arabic** **dua in Arabic** Your women are a tillage for you. So, go to your tillage as you wish. and make preparations for future for yourself. Fear Allah, and know that you will certainly come to the presence of Allah. O, Muhammad! Give glad tidings to the believers (mu’mins). You see, in order to get this glad tiding, one has to be a real believer (mu’min). And as you know, being a real believer (mu’min) is equipping yourself with life-giving holy values of Islam. It is necessary to be equipped with Islam in every respect such as law, morality, worship, and creed. When a person’s inner and outer world, and everything about him becomes Islam, the marriage becomes good. From then on, bliss in that family continues at its utmost. However, every action of a person should comply with the decrees of Islamic sharīʿah, which are holy rules of Allah, and every heart should be filled and equipped with these life-giving values. Now, we shall continue our life-giving lessons with our 44th lesson. Our current topic is nikah (marriage contract). And the further verses mention menses. Nikah, is a contract and encompasses benefiting from wife, and salvation from zina (extramarital affair). Nikah is a marriage contract which is based on religion, belief (iman), love, mercy, and sincerity. You should pay attention to this section. There has to be religion, belief (iman), love, mercy, and sincerity in the basis of nikah (marriage contract). Nikah (marriage contract) should be made based on these principles. Otherwise, it has no better use than taking a sheep to a monster only to see it torn apart. Nikah (marriage contract) has no other use than throwing someone among wolves if it is not based on these principles. That is why people who shall get married, and espcially men, should have enough religion, belief (iman), love, mecry, sincerity, and all divine values of Islam. These should also be present in women, or they should be a candidate. In other words, they should be devoted to these Islamic values.
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For what we call nikah (marriage) constitutes the smallest core of a state, which is family. And the society consists of families. As for that society, it constitutes the nation, ummah, and state. So, you should make good marriages. You marriages should be based on religion, belief (iman), love, mercy, sincerity, and divine justice. Otherwise, these marriages are far from Islamic and humanitarian marriages. Besides, the main reason that majority of today’s marriages end with divorce is the absence of these holy values in their bases. What is more, people think everything is money and physique. They disregard beauties such as belief (iman), soul and morals. People do not consider obedience, devotion, and sincerity to Almighty Allah. Religion and belief (iman), are disregarded. Whether one is pulsate with love of Allah is disregarded. Mercy, sincerity, and Islamic divine justice are disregarded. People look for wealth, physique, and sexual desire in marriage. Such marriages are non-Islamic and non-humane marriages. That much is done by other creatures. Other creatures also mate among themselves and continue their lineage. Janâb-i Haqq has made an innate law for them, and they act according to that law. As for people, they live according to the laws of Islam. Islam is the innate laws of a person’s creation. A Musim should follow his/her innate nature, which is presented to them by Islamic rules. This is a divine prescription, plan, and project. If a Muslim does not implement these laws, then he/she is not that different from other creatures. As a matter of fact, it has more inferior aspects than them. Allah has offered belief (iman), Islam, and all Islamic rules to people, and given them responsibility. All trials of life are for people. Now, we see here that Janâb-i Haqq strictly warned people about not marrying polytheists (musrikun). A Muslim has to marry a believer (mu’min) and Muslim person. This goes for men and women alike. It is imperative for a Muslim woman to marry a Muslim man. Muslim women do not have the chance of making any other kind of marriage. A Muslim woman has to marry a Muslim man. And a Muslim man has to marry a Muslim woman. Now, let us talk about the matter of polytheism (shirk). There is zahiri (literal) polytheism, and haqiqi (actual) polytheism. Polytheists are people who say there is more than one deity. One may also divinize others without showing sings of belief (iman) to Almighty Allah Ta’ala. So, one may have opinions, expressions, and a life-style that divinize other things.
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For example, one may have divinized money, chair, or rank. The other may have divinized his leader or superior, or anyone else. So, if a person lives disconnected from the commands of Almighty Allah, and if he has expressions or actions that denote more than one deity, and if that is reflected to his life-style, then this is called zahiri (literal) polytheism. There is also people who deny tawhid (monotheism), and the religion of Islam. Now, when we say Islam, the term incorporates the Quran, sunnah (customs), ijma, qiyas, and the entirety of the divine commandments that were sent down to Prophet Muhammad. These all encompassed by the term Islam as a whole. So, foremost among those who do not accept this wholeness, tawhid (monotheism), and Islam comes non-Muslims. The entirety of the non-Muslims are considered in this group that deny Islam. Besides, a Muslim woman cannot marry a non-Muslim man by no means. In that, those who do marry non-Muslims are haqiqi (literal) polytheists for they denied Islam. And all of them are considered deniers. Now, let us see what Janâb-i Haqq said in the 105th verse of Surah al-Baqarah. [2:105] “mā yawaddu lladhīna kafarū min ʾahli l-kitābi wa-lā l-mushrikīna ʾan yunazzala ʿalaykum min khayrin min rabbikum…” The verse continues. In this verse of Quran, the matter of marrying unfaithful men and women are mentioned. A person’s beauty, wealth, and chair does not matter here. A faithful woman cannot marry an unfaithful man by no means. And a faithful man cannot marry an unfaithful woman. Now, one should consider faithful Muslims in mate selection. If a person wholeheartedly affirms (tasdiq) and acknowledges (iqrar) all values of Islam as a whole, and tries to implement them in his life, then this shows that he is a believer (mu’min) and a Muslim. On the contrary, marrying unfaithful and non-Muslim people is a severe haram. [2:221] “yadʿūna ʾilā n-nār” “They invite to Fire.” [2:4] “wa-lladhīna yuʾminūna bi-mā ʾunzila ʾilayka” Now, let us think of a Muslim, a muttaqi (pious) one. He becomes a believer (mu’min) and Muslim by believing in the entirety of the religion that was sent down to Prophet Muhammad. He confesses (iqrar) what he believed with his heart and tongue. The blessings (nimet) that are not forbidden by Al-Quran Al-Karim and sunnah (customs) are permissible by all means. The food of ahlul kitab (people of the Book) is made halal (lawful) for you. You may take their chaste women as wives. Besides, taking women that are non-Muslims and not among ahlul kitab is still forbidden and haram. However, it is makruh (disliked) to take them as wives. So, marrying ahlul kitab women is makruh (disliked). There is a ruhsat (permit) for marrying ahlul kitab woman. But giving away daughters to ahlul kitab men is absolutely forbidden. Muslim women cannot marry ahlul kitab men by no means. [4:24] “ar-rijālu qawwāmūna ʿalā n-nisāʾi”
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The men are the leaders of women. And saliha (virtuous) woman is obedient. She is obedient, and both comply with the command of Allah. They obey Allah. They obey the commands of Allah. Man is the leader in marriage. The woman is obedient, but the man cannot oppress the woman. Women are trated with love, justice, and mercy of Allah. That is because Islam is justice, love and mercy. Islam is teem in love. This love is not material love, but a complete love of Allah. The faithful hearts filled with love of Allah shall surely love their wives. And they shall encompass their wives with all their love. There is happiness, justice, and mercy in that. “Admonish disobedient wives, says Allah.” Some women act rebellious to their men, and that goes for men as well. Some men oppress their wives. They behave badly and rudely to their wives. Islam rejects both disobedience to men, and oppression of women. Allah tells men to admonish their wives if they are rebellious. Assign two peacemakers. Assing two peacemakers, one from man’s relatives and one from woman’s relatives. And they should settle the matters between them amicably. The peacemakers should do their utmost to establish a happy relationship between the two. There are some sanction such as these. These are adviced for the women who do not listen to advice. Leave them alone in the bed for a time, and ta’dib (discipline) them. But of course, do not harm her. And if the wife is not pleased with his husband, and her advice does not help, she may appeal to the judge. Islam has given that right to women. A faithful woman cannot be given to an unfaithful man. Now, the most important reason that a faithful women cannot marry non-Muslim men is that a faithful woman cannot be given to the leadership of a unfaithful man. That would be throwing her into fire. Islam and belief (iman) are holy values. Islam and belief (iman) do not let faithful women to be under the command of unfaithful men. She cannot be a wife to a non-Muslim, for that would be an insult to Islam. Islam is sacred. And turning what is sacred into something humiliated is an insult. Islam, belief (iman), and Quran are holy values. A mu’min and Muslim woman already became valuable by these holy values. She got virtuous, and equipped with these values. She cannot enter into the service of a non-Muslim, unfaithful, and non-Islamic person. Excuse me, but you know the rest. [5:5] “wa-l-muḥṣanātu mina lladhīna ʾūtū l-kitāba min qablikum” “Marrying chaste ahlul kitab women who do not do zina (extramarital affair) with secret friends is permissible (jaiz) with karahat (antipathy).
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You see, the Christians and Jews who believe in the real Bible or Torah are called ahlul kitab (people of the book). However, those who are not subject to the true Bible or Torah, ,those who slander Isa (Jesus) Alaihissalam, and distort Bible, who have entered a wrong path is not called ahlul kitab (people of the book). And a Muslim cannot marry such a Jewish or Christian girl. Now, let us talk about marrying their ahlul kitab women. It is okay if they are chaste women, who do not do zina (extramarital affair). It is okay to marry ahlul kitab women who do not have secret partners. That is permissible (jaiz) with karahat (detest), in other words, it is makruh (disliked). You see, even marrying the purest of them is makruh (disliked). And a Muslim should stay so far from marrying those who do zina (extramarital affair) with their secret partners. As for exigencies, they are evaluated according to their circumstances. What is more, there are some narrations from the sahabah (companions). There are certain narrations from sahabah (companions) that mention a ruhsat (permit) of marrying ahlul kitab women or girls who live under the rulership of Islam. Now, it is more dangerous for Muslim men to marry non-Muslim ahlul kitab women or girls while living under the rulership of others where the laws of Islam, and the divine order are not predominant. However, exceptions never break the rule. There are perfect, pious, faithful ones who converted to Islam, and there is no harm in marrying them. It is perfectly permissible (jaiz) to marry Muslim ones. There is no harm in that, for they are now Muslims. The nationality does not matter, it is good to marry Muslim women. There is no harm in that. That is, of course, with the condition of being a real Muslim. She may be your closest, but she may look down on Islam. Or, they may be careless when ti comes to Islam, but she is still the closest person to you. She may say she is a Muslim, leave no quarters for question. She may brag about his/her lineage, but may not have a Islamic life-style. She may even speak contrary to Islam. If she does not have a Islamic life, and has wrong opinions that harm her belief (iman), then you cannot even marry a woman from the closest nation. You should not have second thoughts about whether someone is a Muslim or not in marriage. It does not matter if she is your relative, someone far away, your neighbor, or from your nation. What matters is Islam and belief (iman). In other words, true divine values are in Islam and belief (iman). That is why men or women who will get married should not regret in this world, in the grave, or in the Great Gathering (Mahshar). If they make a good marriage, then that family will live the life of paradise. And when they make a bad marriage, their life turns into hell.
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It is imperative that life of a Muslim should be a paradise in the world and the afterlife (aqhira). And what should they do for that? They should act according to the commands and rules of Allah. No one should accept if I establish certain rules. And it is not valid if others establish rules. Allah’s rules are valid. What is important is Al-Quran Al-Karim, sunnah, ijma, and qiyas. We should observe the view of our mujtahids on Quran and Islam well, and understand well. Now as for what is mubah (acceptable), it is essential to protect life and chastity. Everything in the universe is mubah (acceptable) with the exception of the harams. As for protecting life and chastity, these are essential rights. These have inviolablity. “Matter of life, and to protect the chastity; it is the greatest disaster to have your homeland, or women who are tillage of life and religion, violated by others. That is throwing into the fire alive.” Study the 221st verse of Surah al-Baqarah. Please beware of this. “It is the greatest disaster to let others violate the homeland, lives, goods, chastities, and women who are a tillage of life and religion. That is throwing into the fire alive. We see today that the holy commands of Islam are neglected, and people started making many of these mistakes. But why did people started disregarding the differences of religion and belief (iman)? People started choosing their mates according to their money, wealth, and whether they like their physique. If these are fine they consider it all okay, as if everything is fine. They are exluding the commands of Almighty Allah. They are neglecting the divine commands and rules. Yes, you have free-will and you can use it howsoever you want, but you will answer for neglecting Allah on Ruz-i Cezâ (the Last Day) and the Great Gathering (Mahshar). There are people with bad marriages say they are Muslims, but they have no knowledge as regards to Islam. They do not have Islamic life-styles either. Some say, “It would not made a difference had I married a Muslim.” And they present them as excuse. You see, excuses such as presenting the situation of others are not valid. You should be a true Muslim, and marry a true Muslim. You should follow the command of Allah. People may do right or wrong. That is a matter of upbringing and character. People may use their freedom and will for good or bad, that is up to people. But you should follow the commands and rules Allah introduced, and act accordingly. Following people will only lead to more gods. However, if you follow Allah and Quran, Allah is One, and the laws of Allah are defined in Islam. People do not represent Islam. People may have faults, they may have wrongs and truths, goods and bads. As for Islam, there is nothing wrong in it. Islam is divine, and everything in Islam is correct. However, there is a condition here. “That is the matter of understanding Islam, which is the truth (haqq), correctly.” Is there a brave fellow who can claim that he knows better than the mujtahids, the sahabah (companions), or Prophet Muhammad?
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Is there a person who say he/she knows better than Allah? Is here someone who can teach religion to Allah? That is what Janâb-i Haqq says in Surah al-Hujurat. “Are you trying to teach religion to Me,” says Allah. Then, some people try to give meaning to Al-Quran Al-Karim according to his/her sweet will. Mister, you should not make Quran to suit you, but follow it. Don’t try to make Allah suit you. That is what Iblis (Satan) tried, and he was expelled from the rahmat (mercy) of Allah. You shall follow the murad-i ilahi (divine will) and requests of Allah Ta’ala. In Al-Quran Al-Karim, Allah informed Muhammad the Murad (Will). Then, Prophet Muhammad (asw) taught it to his sahabah (companions). This understanding of Islam was then taught to the Tābi’ūn and came to us. The method of giving meaning to Quran, and murad-i ilahi (divine wish) were conveyed to us by protecting the chains of narrations. Thus, the sense (dirayat) was nourished by narrations. The dirayat (sense) was fed by the narrations (rivayat), and then shows itself and its power. There cannot be dirayat (sense) or commentary by neglecting the rivayat (narration). People cannot comment on Al-Quran Al-Karim according to their sweet will. Ahlus-Sunnah wa’l-Jama’ah has an understanding of Quran, which relies on the Prophet and Allah. You see, our mujtahid âlims, greatest âlims, ijma (consensus), and ummah (nation) has protected this up to this day. The Books were protected as well, they were written down. And they came to this day for people lived them in their hearts and minds. That is why all kinds of protection is present here. Distortion is out of the question. What is distorted is the humanity. There is no chance for Islam to be distorted. Now, about the matter of mensturation. According to Hanafite mujtahids, mensturation bleeding is between 3 and 10 days. According to the Shafi’ite mujtahids, it changes between 1 and 15 days. Imam al-Malik did not lay down a period for that. A mensturating women cannot perform namaz (prayer) or fast. She cannot enter mosques, madjids, or do tawaf. She cannot read Al-Quran Al-Karim. She cannot touch the Book, which is Al-Quran Al-Karim. That also prevents sexual intercourse. She cannot do sexual intercourse with her husband. Besides, zina (extramarital affair) is the greatest obscenity, and one of the foremost detested harams. A woman cannot have intimacy with her husband, or sexual intercourse with him. And these are halal (lawful) after she is pure, which is an ibadat (worship). And it is innate (fıtr-i), which is present in our creation. There is also the word “urda” which means target, trench, and to make yourself powerful by taking Allah as witness your oath. As for the word “ilā” it means -to take an oath for not having intimacy with the wife. Now, as you know, why do people take oaths? To take an oath means to take Allah as a witness. He who takes oath makes himself powerful by taking Allah as witness. However, if he takes Allah witness to a life, then o woe to those who take false oath. So, think about this for a second. And the word “ilā” means to take an oath to abstain from intimacy with wife. Some people do not have intimacy with their wives, this is called “ilā”.
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This is a matter of talaq (dirvorce), but this is called taklik. Talaq means divorce, and taklik means let go. It means dissolving the marriage contract. Maʿrūf means just and measured. Maʿrūf has meanings such as goodness, generosity, silver tongue, good behaviour, and observing justice. Moreover, in Kutub al-Sittah, if someone takes an oath to do something and sees that doing something else is better, then he should do what is better, says our Prophet. And our Prophet says that he should give to atonment (kefaret) for his oath. For example, let us say you took an oath saying you will never talk, you may talk right away and give to atonment. Those who take false oaths for everything should think about what they are doing. Can you take Allah as witness to everything? That is why, Muslims should never get accustomed to taking oaths. Oath should not taken unless one has to, which is only in the presence of a judge. And you should mind whether today’s judges make people take oath or not. Oath is a sing of devotion to Allah. A faithful person who is devoted to Allah can never take Allah witness to a life. That is why an oath should be taken in courts according to the laws of Islamic sharīʿah. According to the Islamic laws judges used to make people take an oath in courts. And you know the situation at this time. It became quite easy to find two people to take false oath today. Besides, people may judge others according to their ideologies in their minds. That is not exclusive to judges either. Some people judge others according to their ideologies, and then go take false oaths. Islam does not accept any of this. Islam is the straight path, it has to be correct. Witnessing of a person who is under the influence of something like an ideology, or something else is not valid. A witness should be neutral, and explain the facts straight. He should not add anything, or subtract anything, and confess the events he witnessed honestly. However, it is not necessary for an honest Muslim to take an oath because he cannot tell a lie. He cannot tell a life, and most certainly cannot take Allah as witness to a lie. Islam is a religion of trust. Islam has siddiqs (truthfulness), and has faruqness (distinguishing right and wrong). You see, istiqamat is there. And what does Janâb-i Haqq say in Al-Quran Al-Karim? [11:112] “fa-staqim ka-mā ʾumirta” “Be steadfast, just like you were commanded.” You think you can be twisty like a snake, and tell all kinds of lies when you are overwhelmed, and say you are a Muslim. Islam is the religion of trustworthy and honest people. There are no lies in Islam. There are no deceit, false witnessing, or false oaths in Islam. These are considered murder. Can one take Allah witness to a lie? That is why a Muslim cannot lie. His belief (iman), Quran, religion, and wisdom (irfan) does not let him.
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Now, there is an oath (yemîn) type called “laghw”. That is, thinking something is correct only to discover its contrary is correct. That is an oath (yemîn) taken without intention of lie. That is called laghw oath (yemîn). The person did not intent to lie here, he was mistaken. He thought that was correct, but it turned out to be contrary to what he said. This kind of oaths (yemîn) are called laghw oath (yemîn). There is also the ghamûs oath, which is knowingly taking a lying oath. He who has taken ghamûs oath cannot be saved even by atonment (kefaret). That person has to renew his religion, belief (iman), and nikah (marriage). He has to repent and ask for forgiveness. That is why it is not something that can be atoned for by kefaret. This is a major sin, which leads the person to Jahannam (Hell). Immediate repentance, and asking for forgiveness is required. And if there is a rightful due, one has to go and make it up to those rightful dues. And he has to save himself from the sins caused by rightful dues. You see, ghamûs oath is a lying oath on something in past. There is also mun’aqida oath, which is an oath about future. That is, about doing or not doing something in future. One has to stay devoted to his oath here. If it is essential, one has to stay devoted to his oath. However, if doing otherwise is better than that oath, for example if a person takes an oath on not being on speaking terms with someone, he should immediately bury the hatchet and give atonment (kefaret) for his oath. There are points to consider regarding these matters. There is also fayʾ, which is to return ila (oath to stay away from wife). Ibn Abbas (r.a.) said that passing four months without going back from ilâ means divorce. Now, let us say that a man took an oath to stay away from his wife, which is called ila. Then, let us say three months have passed and he did not go back. So, Ibn Abbas says that, he has decided on divorce if he passes four months without going back. Ibn Masud, Zayd ibn Thabit, and Uthman ibn Affan have the same view. There is also : talaq-ul-bain (irrevocable divorce). They say that it means certain divorce. The Hanafites also have the same opinion in this matter. One of the two narrations (rivayat) have the aforementioned view. When the deadline comes the husband is given two choices, one is divorce, the other is to go back to his wife. In other words, he is adviced to take action. Of course, one should do his utmost to not get divorced. Divorce is after all other means have depleted. Otherwise, divorce is not a makbul (acceptable) action in the religion of Islam. There is even a narration (rivayat) saying that what Janâb-i Haqq dislikes among the halal things is divorce. That is why, in the second narration (rivayat) the husband is offered two choices, one is divorce, the other is to go back to the wife. Ali ibn Abi Talib, Ibn Umar, Abu Dardā, and Aisha (radeyallāhu ′anhum wa ardahum ajmain wa radeyallāhu ′anhā) have the aforementioned view. As for the third view, people like Said ibn al-Musayyib, Salim ibn Abd-Allah, Abu Bakr ibn Abdurrahman, Zülfi, Tâvûs, Atâ,.. have said that after passing four months, they said that divorce by talaq rij’i (revocable divorce) occurs.
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The Hanafites favored the first opinon. As for Maliki and Shafi’ites, they favored the second opinion. These are all valid according to the conditions of situations. However, the most important thing is to make it up. Having a happy family life means a happy life. This is because is a family lacks happiness, the children are overwhelmed with stress, and they are spiritually broken. As for the children of happy families, they are raised happily. For the mother and mother have Islamic characters, which reflect to the children. That love reflects to the children. Theirs is such a balanced state and personality which reflects to the children. That way, the children are raised perfectly. The happy children are raised by happy families, and happy offsprings. An unhappy family is like a building that came down on the children. Think of a house that is in debris, the children of unhappy families are like crippled, bruised, and battered people who are saved from under it. Families have to be happy by all means. People should endeavor to establish happiness in their families. The person who has the inability, or the problem should be treated. If the woman is doing something wrong, then she should be trated. And the man should be trated if he has the fault. The prescription is the one that Prophet Muhammad implemented, which are divine values of Islam. Our Beloved Prophet have lived blissfully with his nine wives. They lived blissfully even in the hardest circumstances of the world. Even in the toughest situations. He is the Prophet of Jihad, who made the greatest revolution of the world, who toppled disbelief (kufr) in the hearts. He made the greatest revolution of the world. He laid the foundations of belief (iman). He laid the foundations of social justice. He ensured that knowledge (ilm), and wisdom (irfan) has settled. The universal Prophet who established the divine order on earth, had lived with our mothers happily even in the toughest days. Then, this has reflected to the sahabah (companions), and settled. After the sahabah (companions), this has settled in the Tābi’ūn. If that got degenerated after them, that is a result of staying away from Islam. That happened because the meaning in the Quran did not settle in the hearts, selves, and souls. That is because the selves (nafs) are not encompassed by the meaning in Al-Quran Al-Karim. As long as the nafs (self) is not encompassed or reached by meaning the nafs (self) will not take its lesson. Surely, nafs (self) should go under tarbiya (education). And for that, the meaning of Quran should encompass. Moreover, the word “qurū” is present in Al-Quran Al-Karim. This word has antonymous meanings. Its meanings are mens, period between two menses, and purity. And because it is a mujmal (ambiguous) word. The Hanafites explained this word as mensturation, and Imam al-Malik and Shafi’i explained it as the period between two menses. Both are valid and correct. Another word that is present in Quran is “buûle”. In the case of Talaq-e-Raj’i (revocable divorce), if the man goes back to his wife in the period of iddah (waiting), the man has the authority even if the woman does not accept.
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A man can stay away from his wife for one or two months and come back, that authority is given to men. He may go back to his wife. On the other hand, a woman who is not content with her husband may apply to the judge, if she does not see any other solition but divorce. However, if a man stays four months away from his wife, then he will lose the given authority. That is, if he did not go back to his wife for four months, and if he did not agree with his wife. That is if there is not an excuse or necessity for staying apart. Besides, leaving the wife for four months is quite dangerous for men. He may lose the authorities he have. From then on it is all up to the wife. If the women does not want her husband, she may not go back to the husband who has been staying away for four months. She may decide to stay divorced. But of course, these are within the rules of Islam. These are for Muslims who are strictly bound to the command of Allah. Otherwise, there are lots of people who consider themselves Muslims but completely unaware if there are Islamic laws and rules in effect. These people are swimming in an ocean of unwariness and ignorance. A Muslim is one who lives according to Islamic rules. One cannot be a Muslim by transgressing Islamic rules. Now, in the 19th verse of Surah al-Nisa, Janâb-i Haqq said the following. Live with them in a good manner, says Allah. In other words, a man should live with his wife in a happy and sweet manner. Janâb-i Haqq gives a warning here. And tells you to not take from women forcibly. For example, let us say you have given dower (mehr) to your wife, which is her right. That dower (mehr) belongs to your wife as long as you live together. The dowers (mehr) belong to the woman even if you got divorced. Janâb-i Haqq strictly warns us to not take anything from our women forcibly. It is okay if she gives it willingly, otherwise you cannot take anything. Do not take anything forcibly, says Allah. The limit of breast-feeding is two years, and divorce should be done only twice. In the third divorce one loses all his means. It became hard, or almost impossible. That is why a Muslim man, should not get accustomed to divorce. Besides, if you divorce your wife two times with two talaqs, then it is over. In the third divorce the divorce becomes irrevocable. Muslims should be utmost careful to not fall into such situations. It does not matter how angry you might get. He who gets up in anger, sits down with a loss. That is exactly why our elders said: “He who gets up in anger, sits down with a loss,”. That is especially in matters of nikah (marriage), and belief (iman). It is absolutely necessary to abstain from utterances or actions that may harm your belief (iman) or nikah (marriage). So, can women donate their dower (mehr)? Yes, they can. That is up to her free will. Do not take back the dower (mehr) you have given.
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It is said that people with two wives should observe justice. That is mentioned in the 4th verse of Surah al-Nisa, and also all other verses such as the 20th, 34th, and 129th verses. Islam is a complete justice. Men can get married twice to have two wives, or three wives, but going above four wives is not permitted anyway. Having one wife is essential, the others are ruhsat (permit). These are permissible with the condition of observing justice. However, if you fear you may not observe justice, it is ordered in Quran to be content yourself with one wife. Besides, it is not easy for anyone to prefer having two wives without there is a need. However, if the need arises, a ruhsat (permit) is given by Allah with condition of observing justice, which is present in Quran. And no one can disregard this verse in Quran. No one can deny or block what is given by Allah. One would be harming his belief (iman) if he denies. If Allah said something then it is present; and if not, it is not present. That is it. Now, some people immediately object to this right given by Allah. Do they know to whom they object? There are people who are married, but doing zina (extramarital affair) with a few other women. Some people condone this. Those who condone zina (extramarital affair) will lose their religion and belief (iman). Well, if a person is permitted to do something by Janâb-i Haqq when he needs it, then what is wrong with starting a happy family by observing the conditions such as principle of justice, love, and financial and emotional justice? That is, of course, with the condition that both sides are content and happy. Also with the condition that no one’s rights should be violated. That is with the condition of implementing a complete justice. Besides, disregarding what is in Quran, and what is implemented by Muhammad, the ashab (companions), and ijma-i ummah (community consensus) until today is actually disregarding Quran, social justice, and social needs. That is, opening new doors for zina (extramarital affair). Zina (extramarital affair) is one of the most repulsive and biggest sins. Janâb-i Haqq made zina (extramarital affair) haram, and closed all ways that lead to it. That is why, if the need arises having a second, third, or fourth marriage is permitted with the condition of observing justice. The other opinions on this are not considered as understanding of Ahlus-Sunnah. In Al-Quran Al-Karim there are clear verses regarding this matter. And these are explained to us throughout the first four verses of Surah al-Nisa. The male must bear the family burden. In Islam, the family burden is on men. They observe, lead, and protect their families. Their superiority and rank is also more. However, men cannot misuse this authority. That is, man cannot oppress women. These matters are based on the essentials of love and justice.
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These are based on muhabbat (love) and sincerity, for in them there is happiness. That is why men must implement the justice brought forth by Allah. And both man and wife should have respect and love to one another. The sources of love are love of Allah, belief (iman), Islam, and Quran. There is also the matter of talaq-ul-bain (irrevocable divorce). In talaq-ul-bain it is not permissible to go back to the wife. Divorce in return of property or wealth (to the husband) is also possible. The daughter of Abd-Allah ibn Ubayy, Cemile, had divorced Sâbit bin Kays by returning the garden to her husband, and this is called khul. In Kutub al-Sittah, it is narrated that nikah (marriage), talaq (divorce), and itak (freeing slave) are serious matters, that are triggered even when you joke about them. I cannot tell my wife that I have divorced her even as a joke. There is no joke when it comes to these matters. If I tell a women that I have taken her as wife, and she accepts it, then this is serious whether we have said that as a joke, or not. One should pay attention to this matter as well. Moreover, we know that Islam came to this world to abolish slavery. That is why if a slave owner tells his slave that he has freed him, then this is serious. That slave has been freed even if the owner was joking. Janâb-i Haqq considers jokes seriously in these matters. Besides, seriously saying these is already a trigger. The word, ‘ecel’ means a duration, and deadline. Buluğ means that ecel is about to end. So, after the ecel of iddah (period of waiting) ends, a man may go back to his wife on the condition that the wife consents. That is, when the four months of waiting period ends. In that period the man did not have intimacy with the wife, and they stayed separated. After that period ends, the man may go back to his wife on the condition that the wife approves. You see, what we called ecel (duration) was that the four month period has ended. And what we called buluğ is when the four month period is about to end. A guardian (wali) is authorised to step in if the marriage had occurred without witness, or the dower (mahr) given to the wife is not at the level of mahr-i misl. Let us say that a nikah (marriage) is made without a witness. And the dower (mahr) given to the bride is less than mahr-i misl which is the dower given to the other women of the same status, in that case it is said that a guardian (wali) has authority to step in. Of course, people who are aql bāligh (mentally matured) have authority in this matter. They may have consent, but marriage without witness is not valid. And a bride cannot be deprived of dower (mahr) and mahr-i misl by being cheated. The religion of Islam insures women in nikah (marriage). Islam gives a principle capital to women. From then on no one can interfere her dower (mahr). That dower (mahr) belongs only to the woman, not anyone else.
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Do not prevent divorced people. Janâb-i Haqq tells us to not prevent the divorced from getting married. They got divorced because they had to. Let them get divorced when that is a remedy. And let them get married with other people if they want. Janâb-i Haqq says that we should never prevent that. Their relatives, former husbands or wives should not prevent them from getting married. Some men divorce their wives but do not want her to get married again. There is no such case in Al-Quran Al-Karim. There is no such transgression in Quran. After getting divorced, a woman may get married with another Muslim. No one can prevent her marriage, neither their parents, in-laws, former husband, nor anyone. They would be transgressing if they prevent. They would be revoking the rights of that woman. They would be violating the utmost right. Getting married is everyone’s right. And it is a sunnah (custom) of the prophets. Marriage is in our innate nature (fitrah). Janâb-i Haqq created us in pairs. So, why did Janâb-i Haqq created the creatures in pairs? This is a necessity of the innate nature (fitrah). Marriage cannot be prevented. It sould not be prevented. Moreover, there is the word “asabe”. The relatives from paternal side are called “asabe”. That is, a religious term that encompasses close relatives from the paternal side. Zî rahm-i-mahram: These are the people with whom marriage is not permissible (jaiz). In other words, the close relatives with whom marriage is not permissible are called “zî rahm-i-mahram”. Almost all Muslims know these. And those who do not know are obliged to learn these from those who know. Babies should be weaned by consultation of parents. The consultation should be between the father and the mother. A woman should seek counsel of his husband, and vice versa. It is said that babies should be weaned by councultation of both parents. For having a baby breast-fed is an obligation of the father. And the mother is of course crucial in breast-feeding. A mother should, of course, breast-feed her baby if there is not an excuse. But these are of course fiqhi (juridical) matters. We are only giving summaries and notes of the fiqhi (juridical) matters. These are preliminary notes. As for the details, they are explained throughly in our fiqh books. And in these books give adequate answers to the questions that are asked. For now, we continue our life-giving lessons with the essential meaning of Al-Quran Al-Karim, and discovery of certain verses. May Janâb-i Haqq make us servants (qul) who has found life.
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Al-Quran Al-Kareem – Tafsir (Exegesis) Lesson 45
In the name of Allah, the most gracious, the most Merciful. We continue with our 45th lesson. So, let us continue our life-giving lessons with the following verses. Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. [2:224] “wa-lā tajʿalū llāha ʿurḍatan li-ʾaymānikum an tabarrū wa-tattaqū wa-tuṣliḥū bayna n-nāsi wa-llāhu samīʿun ʿalīm” [2:225] “lā yuʾākhidhukumu llāhu bi-l-laghwi fī ʾaymānikum wa-lākin yuʾākhidhukum bi-mā kasabat qulūbukum wa-llāhu ghafūrun ḥalīm” [2:226] “li-lladhīna yuʾlūna min nisāʾihim tarabbuṣu ʾarbaʿati ʾashhurin fa-ʾin fāʾū fa-ʾinna llāha ghafūrun raḥīm” [2:227] “wa-ʾin ʿazamū ṭ-ṭalāqa fa-ʾinna llāha samīʿun ʿalīm” [2:228] “wa-l-muṭallaqātu yatarabbaṣna bi-ʾanfusihinna thalāthata qurūʾin wa-lā yaḥillu lahunna ʾan yaktumna mā khalaqa llāhu fī ʾarḥāmihinna ʾin kunna yuʾminna bi-llāhi wa-l-yawmi l-ʾākhiri wa-buʿūlatuhunna ʾaḥaqqu bi-raddihinna fī dhālika ʾin ʾarādū ʾiṣlāḥan wa-lahunna mithlu lladhī ʿalayhinna bi-l-maʿrūfi wa-li-r-rijāli ʿalayhinna darajatun wa-llāhu ʿazīzun ḥakīm” [2:229] “aṭ-ṭalāqu marratāni fa-ʾimsākun bi-maʿrūfin ʾaw tasrīḥun bi-ʾiḥsānin ūn wa-lā yaḥillu lakum ʾan taʾkhudhū mimmā ʾātaytumūhunna shayʾan ʾillā ʾan yakhāfā ʾallā yuqīmā ḥudūda llāhi fa-ʾin khiftum allā yuqīmā ḥudūda llāhi fa-lā junāḥa ʿalayhimā fī-mā ftadat bihī tilka ḥudūdu llāhi fa-lā taʿtadūhā wa-man yataʿadda ḥudūda llāhi fa-ʾulāʾika humu ẓ-ẓālimun” [2:230] “fa-ʾin ṭallaqahā fa-lā taḥillu lahū min baʿdu ḥattā tankiḥa zawjan ghayrahū fa-ʾin ṭallaqahā fa-lā junāḥa ʿalayhimā ʾan yatarājaʿā ʾin ẓannā ʾan yuqīmā ḥudūda llāhi wa-tilka ḥudūdu llāhi yubayyinuhā li-qawmin yaʿlamūn” Sadaqa Allah al-‚Azem (Allah Almighty has spoken the truth). [2:224] “Do not keep making Allah a target or barrier to your oaths for you to keep your promise, abstain from evil, and make peace between people. Allah is all-Hearing, and all-Knowing.” So, dearest friends! A Muslim who respects, believes, surrenders, and does tawakkul with every fiber of his being does not make Allah’s name a subject of his oaths, especially in false oaths. [2:225] “Allah does not hold you responsible for laghw oaths (made without ill-will, an oath made with false opinion) that you have taken unknowingly. However, Allah holds you responsible for false oaths that your hearts have earned. Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Oft-Forbearing.” Those who are in the afore situation should repent and ask for forgiveness right away, and never swear false oaths again. [2:226] “Those who swear ilaa (oath to stay away from wife) there is a respite of four months.” If they return from this oath, indeed Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Oft-Merciful.” [2:227] “And if they decided on divorce, indeed Allah hears what they say, and knows what they think.”
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[2:228] “Divorced women shall give themselves a respite of three menstrual periods, and it is not halal (lawful) for them to conceal what Allah created in their wombs. They will not conceal if they do believe in Allah and the Last Day. And their husbands, on the condition that they want to reconcile, are more entitled to take them back in that period.” In other words, they should make peace, and found a family in a blissful way. [2:228] “And women have rights similar to the legitimate right they owe. Though for men there is one step above them. Allah is too powerful, owner of hukm (decree) and hikmah (wisdom).” [2:229] “Divorce (talaq) is twice. Then, it is either retain with beneficence, or let go kindly. And it is not halal (lawful) to take something back from what you have given them.” What is mentioned here is dower (mahr), which is a condition of nikah (marriage). That is why, the amount given to the bride in nikah (marriage) as dower (mahr) cannot be taken back. It is not halal (lawful) to take it back, for that dower (mehr) belongs entirely to the woman. [2:229] “However, it is different if they fear that they will not be able to stay in the line drawn by Allah. And if you fear that they may not stay in the line that Allah drew, then there is no sin on both when the woman gives her right away to secure her release. These are the lines drawn by Allah. Therefore, do not transgress them. Whoever transgresses the limits set by Allah are the transgressors.” [2:230] “And if he divorces her again, then she is not halal to him unless she has married another husband.” Should the second husband divorce her, there is no sin on either of them in returning to one another, if they hope they will maintain the line set by Allah. These are limits set by Allah. Almighty Allah explains these for a people who know.” These are commands and laws brought forth by Almighty Allah one by one. Men and women alike must follow these decrees. And no one may act according to their sweet will, or desire or pleasure. People are servants (qul) of Allah. They must obey Allah. They must follow the measures brought forth by Allah. Transgressing the limit set by Allah is going against Allah. And in the end, people have to bear the consequences. [2:231] “wa-ʾidhā ṭallaqtumu n-nisāʾa fa-balaghna ʾajalahunna fa-ʾamsikūhunna bi-maʿrūfin ʾaw sarriḥūhunna bi-maʿrūfin wa-lā tumsikūhunna ḍirāran li-taʿtadū wa-man yafʿal dhālika fa-qad ẓalama nafsahū wa-lā tattakhidhū ʾāyāti llāhi huzuwan wa-dhkurū niʿmata llāhi ʿalaykum wa-mā ʾanzala ʿalaykum mina l-kitābi wa-l-ḥikmati yaʿiẓukum bihī wa-ttaqū llāha wa-ʿlamū ʾanna llāha bi-kulli shayʾin ʿalīm”
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[2:232] “wa-ʾidhā ṭallaqtumu n-nisāʾa fa-balaghna ʾajalahunna fa-lā taʿḍulūhunna ʾan yankiḥna ʾazwājahunna ʾidhā tarāḍaw baynahum bi-l-maʿrūfi dhālika yūʿaẓu bihī man kāna minkum yuʾminu bi-llāhi wa-l-yawmi l-ʾākhiri dhālikum ʾazkā lakum wa-ʾaṭharu wa-llāhu yaʿlamu wa-ʾantum lā taʿlamūn” Sadaqa Allah al-‚Azem (Allah Almighty has spoken the truth). [2:231] “When you have divorced your woman, and after the iddah (period of waiting) ends, either retain them with benevolence, or let them go kindly. Otherwise, do not retain them to violate their rights in a way that is harmful to them, and do not try to take revenge, and do not go astray from the measures of divine justice. Whosoever does that would be doing wrong to his nafs (self). Do not make the verses of Allah a matter of mockery. And remember the blessing (nimet) of Allah on you, remember the Book and hikmah (wisdom) that Allah revealed to you to give you counsel, and think. Fear Allah, and know that Allah knows everything.
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Al-Quran Al-Kareem – Tafsir (Exegesis) Lesson 46
[2:232] “When you divorced your women, and they finished their iddah (waiting period) do not pressure and prevent them from marrying their husbands when they agreed in a legitimate way.” And let us say they got separated and tried to reunion. Do not cause them to divorce by taking advantage of their fall out. Rather, try to unite them, endeavour to fix their marriage. This is an advice given to those of you who believe in Allah and the Last Day. This advice is advice of Allah. This is much better and pure for you. Allah knows and you do not know.” For our Creator knows everything better than anyone. Astaizu Billah. [2:233] “wa-l-wālidātu yurḍiʿna ʾawlādahunna ḥawlayni kāmilayni li-man ʾarāda ʾan yutimma r-raḍāʿata wa-ʿalā l-mawlūdi lahū rizquhunna wa-kiswatuhunna bi-l-maʿrūfi lā tukallafu nafsun ʾillā wusʿahā lā tuḍārra wālidatun bi-waladihā wa-lā mawlūdun lahū bi-waladihī wa-ʿalā l-wārithi mithlu dhālika fa-ʾin ʾarādā fiṣālan ʿan tarāḍin minhumā wa-tashāwurin fa-lā junāḥa ʿalayhimā wa-ʾin ʾaradtum ʾan tastarḍiʿū ʾawlādakum fa-lā junāḥa ʿalaykum ʾidhā sallamtum mā ʾātaytum bi-l-maʿrūfi wa-ttaqū llāha wa-ʿlamū ʾanna llāha bi-mā taʿmalūna baṣīr” [2:233] “Mothers suckle their children for two full years, which is for those who want to complete the suckling. It is an obligation upon the father to whom the children belong, to provide food and clothing in a fair manner for the mothers. However, everyone is obliged according to their means. Neither a mother nor a father shall be made to suffer on account of their child.” They should not be offered with what they cannot afford. [2:233] “The same duty is incumbent on the heir. If the mother and father consult one another and wish to wean the child, then there is no sin on them. And if they wish to get your children suckled by others, there is no sin on you after you have paid what you are to pay in a fairness. That said, fear Allah and know that Allah sees and knows what you do.” Give the wet-nurse who suckles the child what she deserves. May Janâb-i Haqq destine us all believers to abide by the life-giving order of Islam in the proper way. Now, we shall continue giving you certain core knowledge and tips. So, our lesson continues by discovering certain words. Muʿallal means “caused by something distinct from the affected object”. Muta’abbad means “a necessity of servitude (qul), and divine command”. She whose husband passed away waits iddah (waiting period) for four months and ten days. If there is a child in her, in other words if she is pregnant, its soul will be blown into it in this four month and ten day period. This is narrated on the authority of Hasan al-Basri, and Abul Aliyah. You may give hints to women by giving hints such as telling them they are nice, beautiful, you are a good woman, or by telling them you like them.
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However, that is valid for divorced women who have no chance of marrying their husbands. Otherwise, it is strictly forbidden to say such things to women who have a chance of reuniting with their husbands. So, do not make such proposals to divorced women who have a chance to go back to their husbands. For love may reveal itself in separation. After a few days of separation, they may miss one another. And the husband or the wife may go back due to this love. And they may establish a blissful family again. That is why we should endeavour to reunite families. There is islahat (reform) in Islam. One should always side with peace and serenity rather than destroying things. If zifaf (sexual intercourse) occurred, then mahr-i misl is required. However, if one divorces his wife before zifaf (sexual intercourse) then he should buy at least one set of clothing. In Islam men always act in a generous and dignified way against women. “Meddaha velev bi kalem süvetike.” “Give gift to that women even if you have to sell your head scarf.” This hadith is present in Ahkam ul-Quran. That is what our Prophet said upon seeing someone divorce his Muslim wife before zifaf (sexual intercourse). Now, let us think of another scenario where dower (mahr) is given to the wife, and zifaf (sexual intercourse) have occurred. In that case, if he divorces that women, he cannot get back any of it because it belongs to the woman. In another case where zifaf (sexual intercourse) occurred but dower (mahr) is not given to the wife. In that event, the husband has to give the dower (mahr) to his wife even if he divorces her. So, if the husband did not give dower (mahr) and divorces his wife without zifaf (sexual intercourse) then he will gift her at least one set of apparel. So, let us say that they got married without him giving dower (mahr), and they did not enter zifaf (sexual intercourse), and then they got divorced. In that event, the husband gifts at least one set of apparel to her. If the dower (mahr) is given but zifaf (sexual intercourse) did not occur. In that case if they get divorced half of the dower (mahr) still belongs to the woman. So, if they did not enter zifaf (sexual intercourse) but dower (mahr) is given, then half of it belongs to the woman but she may give up all of it. [2:228] “wa-li-r-rijāli ʿalayhinna darajatun”. In the 228th verse of Al-Quran Al-Karim, Janâb-i Haqq said that for men there is one degree of responsibility over women. This is a heavy burden on men in terms of responsibility. And surely the authority of the one who has more responsibility will be higher. As for women, she may forgive and return the dower (mahr) in full amount, but it is closer to taqwa (piety) for men to give more. [2:237] “wa-ʾan taʿfū ʾaqrabu li-t-taqwā,” said Almighty Allah. Cübeyr Bin Mut’im (r.a.) experienced this situation and given away the entire dower (mahr).
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And did not get back any of the dower (mahr). He said that he is more fitting to give away. Every Muslim is like that, they should be in a lofty thinking. “Wa enel hakku bil affi,” he said. Moreover, iddah (waiting period) of pregnant women is until they give birth. If a woman divorces while she is pregnant, then she has to wait until she gives birth Another word that is mentioned is qunūt. Qunūt means submission, worship, quiescence, and act of standing with respect. Turkish transliteration of the hadith: “Eftalussalati tulil kunutii”. Its meaning: Most virtuous (fazelat) of namaz is that whose qunūt and qiyam are long. That is why, it is much virtuous to recite qira’at in namaz, especially in dawn and noon namaz. Now, we shall continue our lesson by conveying core meanings of the verses in glorious Quran. [2:234] “wa-lladhīna yutawaffawna minkum wa-yadharūna ʾazwājan yatarabbaṣna bi-ʾanfusihinna ʾarbaʿata ashhurin wa-ʿashran fa-ʾidhā balaghna ʾajalahunna fa-lā junāḥa ʿalaykum fī-mā faʿalna fī ʾanfusihinna bi-l-maʿrūfi wa-llāhu bi-mā taʿmalūna khabīr” [2:235] “wa-lā junāḥa ʿalaykum fī-mā ʿarraḍtum bihī min khiṭbati n-nisāʾi ʾaw ʾaknantum fī ʾanfusikum ʿalima llāhu ʾannakum sa-tadhkurūnahunna wa-lākin lā tuwāʿidūhunna sirran ʾillā ʾan taqūlū qawlan maʿrūfan wa-lā taʿzimū ʿuqdata n-nikāḥi ḥattā yablugha l-kitābu ʾajalahū wa-ʿlamū ʾanna llāha yaʿlamu mā fī ʾanfusikum fa-ḥdharūhu wa-ʿlamū ʾanna llāha ghafūrun ḥalīm” [2:234] “The wives of those of you who passed away and leave behind wives wait for four months and ten days on their own.” Even though their husbands have passed away, during this iddah (waiting period) they cannot get married. They cannot be given away to other men in nikah (marriage). [2:234] “When they finish their iddah (waiting period), there is no sin on you in what they shall do for themselves in a legitimate way. Allah is aware of what you do.” [2:234] “There is no sin on you in implicitly giving hints to these women that you wish to marry them, or in hiding it in your heart. Allah knows that you will surely remember them.” In other words, you may wish to marry them in a legitimate manner. You may give hints of your intention to marry women whom are not blocked by such things like iddah (waiting period). This subtly hints are precursors of a legitimate marriage proposal. But do not make a secret commitment with them except for uttering a legitimate word. And do not try to make marriage contract until the iddah (waiting period) which is a fard comes to an end. Contemplate on these after the iddah (waiting period) is over. And know that Allah knows what is in your heart. So, be wary of Allah’s punishment. And again, know that Allah is Oft-Forgiving, and Oft-Forbearing.”
Time Stamp: 15:07
This is a matter of heart and soul, for everyone has a right to make a marriage in a way that is respectful to Allah, and away from haram, sin, and zina (extramarital affair). However, the marriage proposals must be legitimate in the prescribed way. Moreover, Janâb-i Haqq said: [2:236] “lā junāḥa ʿalaykum ʾin ṭallaqtumu n-nisāʾa mā lam tamassūhunna ʾaw tafriḍū lahunna farīḍatan wa-mattiʿūhunna ʿalā l-mūsiʿi qadaruhū wa-ʿalā l-muqtiri qadaruhū matāʿan bi-l-maʿrūfi ḥaqqan ʿalā l-muḥsinīn” [2:237] “wa-ʾin ṭallaqtumūhunna min qabli ʾan tamassūhunna wa-qad faraḍtum lahunna farīḍatan fa-niṣfu mā faraḍtum ʾillā ʾan yaʿfūna ʾaw yaʿfuwa lladhī bi-yadihī ʿuqdatu n-nikāḥi wa-ʾan taʿfū ʾaqrabu li-t-taqwā wa-lā tansawu l-faḍla baynakum ʾinna llāha bi-mā taʿmalūna baṣīr” [2:238] “ḥāfiẓū ʿalā ṣ-ṣalawāti wa-ṣ-ṣalāti l-wusṭā wa-qūmū li-llāhi qānitīn” [2:239] “fa-ʾin khiftum fa-rijālan ʾaw rukbānan fa-ʾidhā ʾamintum fa-dhkurū llāha ka-mā ʿallamakum mā lam takūnū taʿlamūn” Janâb-i Haqq says: [2:236] “There is no sin on you if divorce women without touching them and without appointing a dower (mahr) to them.” So, give them a gift and have them benefit, the rich person according to his means, and the poor person according to his means. This is an obligation upon the doers of good.” In other words, having a strong personality and acting generously is a more of an obligation on Muslim men. [2:237] “If you divorce them before having touched them, and you have fixed the dower (mahr), then the obligation is half of the dower (mehr) you have fixed. However, if women or the one in who holds the marriage tie forgives, it is different. O, men! It is nearer to taqwa (piety) that you forgive. And do not forget the grace between you, indeed Allah truly sees whatever you do.” [2:237] “Obverse all namaz and middle namaz, and stand for Allah with devotion, and perform namaz.” Perform namaz in the proper manner, and with utmost sincerity; which is a miʿraj, divine peace, and to stand before Almighty Allah with utmost respect. Do you know what he who stands in Allah’s presence shall earn? Do you know what about the punishment the disobedient people who do not enter the presence of Allah will be condemned? Do you even know what they shall lose? [2:238] “If you are in fear, perform (namaz) while on foot or while riding, …and when you are safe (from fear) remember (dhikr) Allah the way Allah taught you such things (i.e. namaz) you do not know. Perform your namaz in submission to Allah as always.
Time Stamp: 19:23
– The End –